Thursday, November 6, 2025

Sunflowers may be the future of "vegan meat"

From sciencedaily.com

Sunflower flour emerges as a sustainable, nutrient-packed, and surprisingly meat-like plant protein innovation

Researchers at the Institute of Food Technology (ITAL) and the University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in São Paulo, Brazil, working with colleagues from the Fraunhofer IVV Institute in Germany, have developed a new type of food made from sunflower flour that can serve as a substitute for meat.

The process begins by extracting oil from sunflower seeds. To make the resulting flour safe and digestible for humans, the outer husks and certain phenolic compounds must first be removed. These elements normally give the flour a darker colour and make it harder for the body to absorb nutrients effectively.

Researchers enriched the product with tomato powder, spices, and a mixture of fat sources made up of sunflower, olive, and linseed oils. Credit: Unicamp


Creating and Testing the Sunflower-Based Burgers

Researchers prepared two variations of the meat substitute. One was made from flour derived from roasted sunflower grains, while the other used textured sunflower protein. Both formulations were enhanced with tomato powder, spices, and a blend of sunflower, olive, and linseed oils to improve flavour and nutritional value.

The team shaped the mixtures into small burger patties and baked them. They then conducted sensory and physicochemical tests to evaluate the products' texture, flavour, and composition. Results revealed that the version made from textured sunflower protein had better consistency and higher levels of protein, along with healthy fats such as monounsaturated fatty acids. It also contained impressive mineral levels, providing 49% of the recommended daily intake of iron, 68% of zinc, 95% of magnesium, and 89% of manganese.


Sustainable, Non-GMO Protein Potential

The study, supported by FAPESP, focused on sunflower meal because sunflower oil is already widely used in Europe, and sunflower cultivation is steadily increasing in Brazil. Another advantage is that the plant is not genetically modified, making it an appealing ingredient for consumers seeking non-GMO options.

Sunflower flour also offers a valuable source of plant-based protein, aligning with the growing global demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly food choices.


Mild Flavour and Strong Nutritional Profile

Maria Teresa Bertoldo Pacheco, a researcher at ITAL's Center for Food Science and Quality and lead author of the paper published in Food Research International, explained that removing the husks and phenolic compounds gives the flour a neutral flavour and aroma. "It should also be noted that, after removing the husks and phenolic compounds, the flour has a very neutral taste and aroma, especially compared to the various vegetable proteins on the market," she said.

Pacheco also highlighted the favourable balance of essential amino acids in the flour, which adds to its nutritional value. From a technological standpoint, she noted that creating a fibrous structure through processes like extrusion is key to achieving a product with a more authentic, meat-like appearance and texture.

Pacheco emphasized that the research contributes valuable insights for maximizing the use of sunflower cultivars while encouraging appreciation for their nutritional benefits. She also praised the collaboration with German researchers, noting that the partnership fostered technical exchanges, knowledge sharing, and opportunities for students and scientists to work together.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251104013006.htm

What Happens if the EU Bans Terms Like “Veggie Burger”? A New Consumer Study Explores

From vegconomist.com

While the EU is discussing banning terms like “veggie burger” or “soy sausage”, new data from Appinio provides a surprising insight: It’s not the name that causes confusion, and for German consumers, there are completely different priorities.

In a flash test where the packaging was viewed for only one second, 95 percent of respondents immediately recognized whether they were looking at a meat product or a plant-based alternative. Nevertheless, almost a third admitted to having accidentally picked up the wrong product in real life – and in both directions: vegans bought meat, and meat-eaters bought plant-based alternatives.

Quickly recognized, yet still mistaken

The numbers show that the problem is not with the packaging but with the supermarket shelves. The proximity of meat and plant-based alternatives leads to confusion; simply banning names would likely have little impact. Many see this as a sideshow. According to hundreds of open-text responses, many consumers view the name debate as unnecessary or just “symbolic politics.” The majority prefer to see a focus on more urgent societal issues.

© Rügenwalder Mühle

The study reveals clear differences based on dietary style, region, gender, and age. Vegans and vegetarians are particularly likely to oppose the ban, while meat-eaters support it more frequently. The rejection is especially strong among urban and younger demographics, while older and rural participants show more support.

There are also nuances by gender. Men tend to view the decision more positively on average, while women are generally more critical. Overall, a clear pattern emerges. The ban divides along lifestyle, generation, gender, and living environment.

What’s in a name?

If the EU does implement the regulation, people already have their favourites: The made-up word “Vurst” is the most popular alternative among 600 open-text suggestions. However, three-quarters of respondents didn’t have a suggestion at all, as the issue plays a minor role in everyday life.

© The Vegetarian Butcher


Methodology behind the survey

For the study, Appinio surveyed 1,208 people nationwide in Germany in October 2025, representing the population by age, gender, and region. In addition to classic survey questions, a flash test was used. Participants were shown different packaging for meat and meat-substitute products for 1 second to measure spontaneous recognition and categorization.

The study also assessed actual shopping behaviour, opinions on the planned EU ban, and name alternatives for plant-based products, complemented by open-ended questions. The analysis provides a comprehensive picture of how consumers deal with product names and selection in everyday life, especially under time pressure.

https://vegconomist.com/studies-numbers/what-happens-eu-bans-terms-like-veggie-burger-new-consumer-study-explores/

7 plant-based dishes your grandparents probably made without calling them “vegan”

From vegoutmag.com

By Avery White

The secret to your next favourite comfort meal might be hidden in your grandmother’s recipe box, waiting to surprise you 

You know what’s funny? Long before “vegan” became a lifestyle, a movement, or a hashtag, our grandparents were quietly making hearty, plant-based meals without even realizing it.

They didn’t have Pinterest boards or oat milk lattes, and they definitely weren’t talking about “macros.” But they knew how to stretch a sack of beans, make a stew from whatever was in the garden, and turn leftovers into comfort food that stuck to your ribs.

In those days, meat was expensive. Fresh vegetables were seasonal and precious. People cooked with what they had, which often meant simple, plant-centred meals that just happened to check every box of modern “vegan” eating.

They weren’t being trendy. They were just being practical.

Let’s take a trip back to those roots—the dishes that defined comfort and resourcefulness, long before anyone called it plant-based cuisine.

1) Lentil soup

If there’s one dish that every culture has its own version of, it’s lentil soup.

Whether it’s Mediterranean lentil stew, Indian dahl, or a simple farmhouse soup made with pantry staples, this humble bowl of goodness has stood the test of time.

My grandmother used to make hers with brown lentils, onions, carrots, and a handful of whatever herbs she’d plucked from the garden that morning. Sometimes she’d toss in a potato for thickness or stir in a splash of vinegar at the end for brightness.

She didn’t have a recipe card. She had instincts.

That’s what I love about these older recipes. They weren’t about precision. They were about using your senses: the smell of simmering broth, the way a spoonful felt on your tongue, the color of the lentils when they softened just right.

Today, I like to modernize it with smoked paprika or kale, but the heart of it remains the same. A pot of lentil soup is more than food. It’s a story of resilience, simplicity, and nourishment.

2) Potato pancakes

Who didn’t grow up eating some version of crispy, golden potato pancakes?

They went by different names: latkes in Jewish households, boxty in Irish kitchens, raggmunk in Scandinavia. But the spirit was universal. Take a humble potato and make it delicious.

These were often made with just grated potatoes, a bit of flour, salt, and maybe a splash of water. Eggs were optional, depending on what was available that week. The lack of luxury ingredients made them affordable, plant-based, and endlessly satisfying.

I remember standing beside my grandmother as she fried them in her cast-iron pan, the air thick with that cozy, sizzling aroma. She’d tell me stories about the Depression, about how meals had to be stretched and reinvented.

“Nothing goes to waste,” she’d say, pressing the pancakes flat with her spatula. “Not food, not effort.”

She probably didn’t realize that lesson would stick with me far more than any recipe ever could.

Serve them with applesauce, vegan sour cream, or even a drizzle of hot sauce if you want a modern twist. They’re proof that simplicity never goes out of style.

3) Cabbage and bean stew

If you grew up anywhere near a farm or had a grandparent who did, you probably know the magic of cabbage and beans.

This dish isn’t glamorous. It doesn’t photograph well. But it’s the kind of meal that warms you from the inside out.

Cabbage, onion, and beans simmered slowly in tomato broth or seasoned water. It’s proof that comfort doesn’t have to come from fancy ingredients.

In Eastern Europe, this might have been a peasant dish. In the American South, it showed up as “soup beans and greens.” Across the Mediterranean, it became hearty minestrone. Wherever it was made, it carried the same DNA: resourcefulness, thrift, and care.

I still make a version of this on rainy Sundays, with cannellini beans, shredded cabbage, and a touch of olive oil. Sometimes I’ll add carrots or kale, but honestly, the basic three ingredients are all you really need.

Food like this reminds me that nourishment has nothing to do with how complicated something is. It’s about intention.

4) Cornbread and beans

This is the kind of meal that defined whole regions.

In the American South, cornbread and beans weren’t just dinner. They were survival food. Cornmeal was cheap, beans were filling, and together they created a meal that could feed an entire family with minimal resources.

What’s interesting is how naturally plant-based this pairing is. Traditional recipes didn’t rely on butter or milk because those ingredients weren’t always available. The cornbread was made with oil or lard substitutes, and the beans simmered with herbs and spices for flavor.

My grandparents didn’t talk about “protein pairing,” but that’s exactly what they were doing. Corn and beans together make a complete protein, something nutritionists later celebrated as a cornerstone of balanced vegan diets.

It’s a quiet reminder that wisdom often came long before science gave it a name.

These days, I make skillet cornbread with oat milk and a touch of maple syrup for sweetness. I ladle smoky pinto beans on top, sprinkle a little chili powder, and it feels like coming home.

5) Tomato sandwiches

When summer rolled around, there was one lunch that ruled above all others: the tomato sandwich.

Thick, sun-warmed tomato slices, a pinch of salt, and a swipe of mayo on soft white bread. That was it. No protein powders, no “superfoods,” just real, ripe flavour.

In rural households, especially during harvest season, tomatoes were everywhere. You didn’t let them go bad, so you found simple ways to enjoy them. Sometimes it was with olive oil and vinegar, other times with a sprinkle of sugar if they were too tart.

I can still picture my grandfather standing by the garden, tomato in one hand, salt shaker in the other. He’d bite into it like it was an apple. No ceremony, no fuss.

Today, I use vegan mayo and whole-grain bread, but the feeling is the same: pure, fresh, uncomplicated joy.

And honestly, it’s the kind of meal that makes you pause. It reminds you that eating well doesn’t have to mean overcomplicating things. It’s about savouring what’s already perfect.

6) Vegetable pot pie

There’s something beautifully nostalgic about a bubbling pot pie coming out of the oven.

The golden crust, the steam curling up from the filling, it’s the culinary equivalent of a hug.

But what most people forget is that early versions of pot pie were often meatless. Farmers and homemakers used whatever vegetables were leftover from the week: carrots, potatoes, peas, onions. Meat was too expensive to use regularly, so it became a luxury addition, not the star.

In that way, the original pot pies were “accidentally vegan.”

When I make it now, I use coconut oil for the crust and almond milk in the gravy. I’ll toss in mushrooms, leeks, and a few handfuls of spinach for good measure.

Each bite feels like a connection to the past, to a time when people didn’t need dietary labels to eat mindfully. They just respected their ingredients and worked with what the earth gave them.

It’s grounding, really. Cooking this way makes me feel like I’m participating in something older than trends, something human, honest, and enduring.

7) Rice pudding

Let’s end with dessert, shall we?

Rice pudding was the great equalizer in many kitchens. It turned leftover rice, something no one wanted to waste, into a sweet, creamy treat that could feed a crowd.

The basic ingredients were simple: rice, milk, sugar, and cinnamon. And if milk wasn’t available, water worked just fine. It was all about slow cooking and patience.

I remember the scent of it filling the kitchen after dinner, the gentle bubbling of the pot as my grandmother stirred with an old wooden spoon. She’d always tell me, “Don’t rush sweetness, it comes when it’s ready.”

When I make rice pudding now, I use coconut milk for that rich, velvety texture and add a hint of cardamom. Sometimes I stir in raisins or a splash of vanilla, depending on what’s around.

It’s incredible how something so simple can feel so indulgent. That’s the beauty of recipes born from frugality. They teach you that joy doesn’t depend on extravagance.

Final thoughts

When I first transitioned to a vegan lifestyle, I worried I’d have to let go of my family’s food traditions. But as I cooked more, I realized I wasn’t abandoning them. I was continuing them.

Our grandparents didn’t need buzzwords or cookbooks to eat consciously. They relied on intuition, on what grew in their gardens, and on the wisdom passed down through generations.

What we now call “vegan” was once just “dinner.”

There’s something deeply humbling about that. These old dishes remind us that sustainability and compassion don’t always come from innovation. They often come from remembering.

So maybe the best way to honour our roots isn’t to reinvent everything, but to revisit what already worked: simple food, made with love, and shared with others.

Because in the end, plant-based eating isn’t just about what’s on the plate. It’s about reconnecting with nature, with history, and with the generations who quietly paved the way long before we gave it a name.

https://vegoutmag.com/food-and-drink/z-7-plant-based-dishes-your-grandparents-probably-made-without-calling-them-vegan/

Wednesday, November 5, 2025

Vegan Month revealed: the hottest trends and how to go vegan on a shoestring budget

From iol.co.za

November is World Vegan Month, a time when people around the world explore veganism, learn more about animal welfare and think about how their food choices affect the planet.

Whether you’re already a vegan or just curious, this month is an opportunity to discover how simple, affordable and rewarding a vegan lifestyle can be.

The rise of veganism

Veganism has grown beyond being a niche movement. Supermarkets now offer a wide range of vegan alternatives and restaurants across South Africa are adding more vegan options to their menus.

According to research from Euromonitor, global sales of vegan foods have continued to rise, with consumers seeking healthier and more sustainable eating habits.

In South Africa, vegan-friendly food brands and small local businesses are expanding quickly, offering vegan versions of traditional dishes like bobotie, chakalaka and bunny chow.

Chilli con carne with roasted chickpeas and mint yoghurt is a hearty, flavourful dish that combines the warmth of spiced beans and vegetables with the crunch of roasted chickpeas.   Image: Unsplash/Calum Lewis


Vegan trends to watch

Vegan proteins

Vegan protein sources are becoming more varied and accessible. Lentils, chickpeas, black beans, tofu, tempeh and seitan remain staples, but local producers are developing new products using indigenous ingredients such as cowpeas and bambara nuts.

These crops are not only nutritious but also climate-resilient, making them important for sustainable food systems.  

Dairy alternatives

Vegan milks such as oat, almond and soy have long been popular, but new varieties made from macadamia, pea and rice are entering the market.

Many coffee shops now offer these options at no extra cost. Vegan cheeses and yoghurts are also improving in taste and texture, giving consumers more realistic substitutes for dairy products.

Sustainable eating

Veganism today is not just about avoiding animal products. It also includes reducing food waste, choosing local produce and supporting environmentally responsible farmers.

More people are paying attention to how their food is grown and transported. This shift has encouraged farmers’ markets and community-supported agriculture programs to grow in popularity.

Fusion and African-inspired vegan meals

Chefs are reimagining traditional African meals with vegan ingredients.

Dishes like vegan samp and beans, mushroom stews and maize-based breakfast bowls are becoming common in both home kitchens and restaurants.

These meals celebrate familiar flavours while promoting healthier, plant-forward eating.

How to go vegan on a budget

One of the biggest misconceptions about veganism is that it’s expensive. While some speciality products can be costly, eating vegan can actually be more affordable when focusing on whole foods and local ingredients.

Plan your meals

Meal planning helps avoid waste and reduces impulse purchases. Start with simple, versatile ingredients like rice, lentils and seasonal vegetables. Cook in batches and freeze portions for later use.

Buy in bulk

Staples such as beans, grains, nuts and seeds are cheaper when bought in bulk. Local markets and cooperatives often sell these items at lower prices than supermarkets.

Cook from scratch

Preparing your own meals from raw ingredients is cheaper and often healthier than buying processed vegan alternatives.

Homemade hummus, veggie burgers and nut milks can be made at a fraction of store prices.

Use local produce

South Africa has a wide variety of affordable fruits and vegetables. Seasonal produce like spinach, butternut, tomatoes and sweet potatoes can form the base of nutritious vegan meals.

Supporting local farmers also strengthens the economy and reduces carbon emissions from imported goods.

Limit processed foods

While it’s tempting to buy ready-made vegan nuggets or cheeses, these products can quickly add up in cost.

Treat them as occasional conveniences rather than daily staples.

https://iol.co.za/lifestyle/food-drink/2025-11-04-vegan-month-revealed-the-hottest-trends-and-how-to-go-vegan-on-a-shoestring-budget/ 

6 meals that prove vegan food can be comforting, hearty, and nostalgic

From vegoutmag.com

By Cecilia Lim

Classic comfort meets conscious eating in these hearty vegan meals that taste like home, minus the heaviness 

Comfort food has a way of speaking to the soul. For me, it’s tied to late Sundays in the kitchen, when the smell of garlic and onions meant something warm was on the way. Comfort was never fancy, just familiar.

When I began exploring vegan cooking, I wondered if those same memories could live in a plant-based dish.

To my surprise, they not only could, they thrived. The heart of comfort food isn’t in butter or beef; it’s in warmth, patience, and the act of nourishing someone, including yourself.

Here are six meals that prove you can have all the nostalgia, flavour, and heart without a drop of dairy or meat.


1. Creamy mushroom stroganoff

When I was growing up, my mom’s beef stroganoff was a winter staple. Rich, tangy, and creamy, it was the kind of dish that seemed impossible to veganize. But one cold evening, I decided to try.

I sautéed a mix of cremini, oyster, and shiitake mushrooms until golden, added a splash of soy sauce for depth, then folded in cashew cream and Dijon mustard. The result was as comforting as I remembered, only lighter and somehow cleaner on the palate.

Research shows that mushrooms’ natural glutamates deliver that same “meaty” umami depth we associate with animal dishes without the saturated fat. They’re rich in antioxidants too, which makes them both hearty and nourishing.

Serve it over wide noodles or mashed potatoes, and it’s a cosy meal that bridges nostalgia and nourishment perfectly.

2. Lentil shepherd’s pie

Mashed potatoes are my love language. When I first made vegan shepherd’s pie, I wasn’t trying to reinvent anything; I just wanted that feeling of home.

I layered a base of lentils, carrots, and peas simmered in tomato paste and thyme, then spread a thick cloud of mashed potatoes on top. The trick is to bake until the edges bubble and brown. That’s where the flavour hides.

Lentils, it turns out, are a powerhouse. According to Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, they’re low in sodium and saturated fat, and high in potassium, fibre, folate, and plant chemicals that promote health. Their earthy flavour pairs beautifully with creamy potatoes and roasted vegetables.

Every spoonful feels like Sunday dinner: hearty, grounding, and deeply satisfying.

3. Vegan mac and “cheese” bake

When my sons were little, boxed mac and cheese was our weeknight rescue meal. These days, I make a version that keeps that same creamy comfort but skips the dairy.

Blending soaked cashews with roasted sweet potatoes, nutritional yeast, and a touch of lemon creates a sauce so velvety you’d swear it was cheese-based. Baked until golden and slightly crisp on top, it’s pure nostalgia in a casserole dish.

Comfort food can absolutely be feel-good food, and this dish proves it.

4. Chickpea pot pie

Pot pie nights were always my favourite, with flaky crust, creamy filling, and the smell of herbs drifting through the kitchen. Today, my vegan version keeps all that magic alive.

I make the filling with chickpeas, diced potatoes, celery, and carrots simmered in vegetable broth thickened with oat milk and flour. A simple homemade crust, or store-bought puff pastry if you’re in a hurry, seals it all in.

Chickpeas are rich in plant protein, fibre, iron, potassium, and magnesium, nutrients known to support heart health and metabolic wellness. They bring the same creamy, satisfying bite you’d expect from chicken or cream with added nutrients to spare.

It’s one of those meals that makes the house smell like a memory.

5. Jackfruit BBQ sandwiches

When summer rolls around, I think of smoky cookouts, sticky fingers, tangy sauce, and soft buns. Jackfruit has become my go-to way to recreate that joy minus the pulled pork.

Simmer canned young jackfruit in BBQ sauce, apple cider vinegar, and smoked paprika until it shreds apart like tender meat. Pile it high on toasted buns with coleslaw, and you’ve got yourself a sandwich that’s equal parts sweet, smoky, and messy, the way BBQ should be.

The first time I served it, my youngest son didn’t believe it was fruit. That’s how close the texture gets.

6. Banana oat bread pudding

This dessert is a love letter to my mom’s bread pudding, which she used to make whenever we had stale loaves around. My version keeps her spirit intact but swaps the eggs and cream for ripe bananas and almond milk.

Cubes of day-old bread soak up a mixture of mashed banana, oat milk, maple syrup, and cinnamon before baking into something golden and fragrant. Served warm with a drizzle of vegan caramel or coconut cream, it’s the ultimate cosy treat.

Every bite feels like a familiar hug, just a little kinder to your body and the planet.

The bigger picture

What I’ve learned through vegan comfort cooking is that memory lives in more than just flavor. It lives in the act of care.

When we reimagine our favorite meals with plants, we’re not giving anything up. We’re expanding the circle of comfort to include the world around us.

Whether you’re cooking for family, friends, or just yourself after a long day, these meals remind us that warmth, love, and connection are the true ingredients of comfort food.

https://vegoutmag.com/food-and-drink/c-6-meals-that-prove-vegan-food-can-be-comforting-hearty-and-nostalgic/

Tuesday, November 4, 2025

Veganism Then and Now

From earthday.org

By Bryndis Davis

World Vegan Day celebrates people who don’t eat meat or other animal products, including eggs, milk, cheese, honey, or even whey. No animal based cheesecake, mayonnaise, or buttercream frosting. No smoked salmon or gelatine gummy bears. And absolutely no jerk chicken. 

But what vegans lose in choices, they make up for in fulfilling love for our planet and fellow animals. Besides, there are plenty of plant-based, dairy-free options out there — many of which are more wholesome than non-vegan products. 

What is more, some vegan and vegetarian diets come with reported health benefits. Vegetarian diets are associated with lower cholesterol, lower blood pressure, and decreased risks of cancerAlzheimer’s, and worsening arthritis symptoms.

A 2016 study by Oxford Martin Scholars predicted that if a global shift was made towards a vegan diet, an estimated 8 million lives could be saved by 2050 compared to current global eating trends. The same study also estimated that food-related greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced by 29–70% if more of us went vegan.

Veganism exists along a spectrum, all vegans reject eating meat and dairy products but some choose not to eat honey or many reject using any animal-based products such as leather or pearl. Most vegans make personal commitments to support animal welfare and reduce causing harm to animals in every instance that they can. 

So, where did veganism come from and what kinds of peoples has it touched throughout history? Who were the first vegans and how has veganism changed over time? 

Early Religions and Vegan Ethos

                                                                                           Ruins of the village Mehrgarh

The first religious vegan community dates back to 7000 BCE on the Indus river in a village known as Mehrgarh. Hinduism, a religion known for its reverence for living beings and for adhering to a non-meat diet, traces its philosophical roots back to this village. Later texts attest to their practice of nonviolence towards animals:

One is dearest to god who has no enemies among the living beings, who is nonviolent to all creatures.

Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 10, Verse 20

Hindus aren’t the only religious group to embrace plant-based diets. In the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, the book of Genesis describes the Garden of Eden as a paradise where humans and animals were originally herbivorous. 

Genesis 1:29 states that God gave the first humans “every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it” for food. Verse 30 adds that “every green plant” was provided for all living creatures. According to this interpretation, Adam and Eve were originally plant-eaters, and the animals of the earth and sky were not meant to hunt or eat one another. This story has often been cited as an example of a divinely envisioned harmonious, plant-based world.

Jainism, a religion originating in India, takes the vegan ethos probably further than many others. Like Hinduism and Buddhism, Jainism adheres to principles of ahimsa, the ethical principle of non-violence toward all living beings.

For especially strict believers, like Jain monks, ahimsa includes plant, insect, and microbial life — any living thing with a soul or jiwa. Interrupting a creature’s jiwa caused perpetrators to incur karma, the accumulated effects of past actions. Strict Jain monks take extra precautions: they filter water to avoid ingesting tiny organisms, and they avoid eating after sunset to prevent accidentally harming insects that come out at night.

Jains follow a highly careful, plant-based diet relying on eating fruits, grains, legumes, and vegetables that grow above the ground, avoiding root vegetables, meat, eggs, and honey. Some  Jains consume dairy. 

Greek Philosophers and Veganism

                                                                                  Bust of the Greek philosopher Pythagoras

Pythagoras (570-490 BCE) was a Greek philosopher whose work influenced the minds of Plato, Aristotle, and contributed greatly to Western rational philosophy. Pythagoras was so closely tied to abstaining from meat and fish that before the term vegetarian became popular in the 1800s, vegetarian and vegan diets were known as ‘Pythagorean’.

Other plant-based diets had slightly different name variations, such as ovo-vegetarians, which allows for the consumption of eggs, or lacto-vegetarians, which allows for the consumption of milk. But all of these historical diets centred around the complete abstinence of eating meat.

As long as man continues to be the ruthless destroyer of lower living beings he will never know health or peace. For as long as men massacre animals, they will kill each other. Indeed, he who sows the seed of murder and pain cannot reap joy and love.

Attributed to Pythagoras

Pythagoras didn’t leave behind a written record of his lifestyle so what we do know about his diet and values comes from the writings of his contemporaries and followers. Neoplatonist philosopher Lamblichus wrote that Pythagoras avoided all animal flesh as a prerequisite to peace. Ovid recorded in his own works this Pythagorean quote: “Animals share with us the privilege of having a soul.”

Plato followed in Pythagoras’s footsteps. Though he may not have been a strict vegan himself, his work and teachings draw inspiration from Pythagoras and attribute abstinence of meat with a desire for peace, health, and happiness.

The West and Veganism

The roots of vegetarian and vegan thought in the West trace back to the Renaissance when humanists and clergy began raising ethical questions about eating animals. For example, humanist Desiderius Erasmus (1466‑1536) in his satirical work In Praise of Folly criticized the ceremonial violence of hunting as absurd and beast‑like — “And then what pleasure they take to see a buck or the like unlaced… In all which they drive at nothing more than to become beasts themselves, while yet they imagine they live the life of princes.” 

The tradition of avoiding meat eventually moved into more structured vegetarianism, when in the United Kingdom the Vegetarian Society was founded in 1847 under the chairmanship of Joseph Brotherton, offering a formal platform for abstaining from eating animals.

Across the Atlantic, the Ephrata Cloister  (Pennsylvania, USA, founded 1732) was a religious community whose members embraced a largely vegetarian diet as part of their ascetic devotion. While their vegetarian practices didn’t immediately spark a nationwide movement, they are historically significant as one of the first documented American communities to embrace a plant-based diet for ethical/religious reasons.

Their writings and lifestyle were noted by contemporary observers and later historians, linking them to the broader history of vegetarianism in the West.


The birds of the air die to sustain thee; The beasts of the field die to nourish thee; The fishes of the sea die to feed thee; Our stomachs are their common sepulcher, Good God! With how many deaths are our poor lives patched up? How full of death is the life of a momentary man!

Francis Quarles, late Renaissance poet

In more recent decades the shift from vegetarianism to veganism — abstaining from all animal‐derived products — has accelerated across Europe and the US. 

Market research shows that plant-based food sales have surged, with the European market expected to reach $16.7 billion by 2029, growing at roughly 10% annually. Social initiatives like Veganuary, launched in 2014 in the UK, have attracted hundreds of thousands of participants globally, reflecting a broader cultural embrace of vegan lifestyles. Rising awareness of animal welfare, environmental concerns, and health benefits has made veganism increasingly visible and influential, transforming both markets and daily diets.

Meanwhile the contemporary vegan movement draws on that long ethical heritage of non‑violence, compassion for animals, and reconsidering dietary norms. Whether you see it in the quiet gardens of 18th‑century Pennsylvania, the moral treatises of Renaissance scholars, or the bustling vegan cafés of London and New York, the continuous thread is this: food is not just fuel, but a statement of values and how we relate to other beings and the planet.

The Modern Vegan Movement

                                                                                                                           Planet Earth

The modern vegan movement took off in 1944 when the word “vegan” was coined by animal rights activist, Donald Watson, and a group of friends in England. They wanted a word to describe a lifestyle that excluded all animal products, not just meat — meaning it would cover dairy, eggs, and other animal-derived products as well. They took the first three and last two letters of “vegetarian” to create “vegan”. That same year, Watson co-founded The Vegan Society in the UK, which remains the primary organization promoting veganism worldwide.

Veganism gives us all the opportunity to say what we ‘stand for’ in life — the ideal of healthy, humane living. Add decades to your life, with a clear conscience as a bonus.

Donald Watson, Founder of the Modern Vegan Movement

Watson used the past year’s epidemic of Tuberculosis in cattle to support his new movement, claiming that a vegan lifestyle helped prevent people from ingesting contaminated food. At the time of his death in 2005, there were 250,000 self-identified vegans in Britain and 2 million in the U.S.

Today, many people around the world have embraced plant-based lifestyles. Data from 2023 estimates that there are approximately 88 million vegans worldwide. India leads the charge — in 2024, the plant-based powerhouse counted 10% of its population as vegan where most other Western countries’ counts remain under 3%

As we celebrate World Vegan Day, let’s remember to respect other peoples’ dietary practices and learn more about them. Consider trying Veganuary, a global movement supporting people who’d like to try going vegan in January. Meatless Mondays are another option to dip your toes in and gradually reduce meat in your diet. 

Plant-based diets are packed with protein, fiber, and goodness. Whatever your preference, plant-based diets offer a host of health benefits for both you and our planet. Don’t be afraid to go out there and try something new.

Going plant-based is one of the most effective ways you can help fight climate change. Learn more about food and regenerative agriculture here.

https://www.earthday.org/veganism-then-and-now/